Some 6.000 years ago, some Neolithic villages became cities as a result of agricultural and commercial prosperity. These civilizations invented writting.  

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The first great civilizations developed along large rivers surrounded by fertile land: 

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• Mesopotamia: River Tigris and Euphrates

• India: Indus River

• China: Huang He and Yangtze Rivers

• Egypt: Nile River

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The Egyptian civilization developed 5.000 years ago along River Nile. This area is basically a desert surrounded by the Nile River, whcih runs from south to north. 

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The Nile provided: 

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• Fertility to the land: prosperous agriculture

• A way of transportation and communication

• A geographical and administrative organization: Lower Egypt (north), Upper Egypt (south).

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